Lupus Hair Loss is caused by an autoimmune chronic condition known as Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE). Normally, a person's immune system is adequately sensitized to recognize and react to foreign substances. However, in certain individuals the mechanism of recognizing foreign from self does not function as efficiently, a result of which, the body reacts to its own cells or substances.



An autoimmune reaction triggers the production of antibodies against itself which ultimately damages critical organs in the body, sometimes causing severe conditions that can be life threatening. Reasons for autoimmune disorders such as DLE as primarily genetic, but external factors such as stress, medications, hormones or infections contribute to this condition. Exposure to ultra violet rays, known to cause skin mutations when coupled with stress adds to the severity of the condition.



Discoid Lupus Erythematosus is triggered off by the inflammation to the skin especially on the face and neck. The pattern of the lesions, across the bridge of the nose and over the cheeks gives it the typical 'butterfly rash' appearance. The lesions have a scaly or crusty appearance. Lupus hair loss occurs when these lesions occur on the scalp, causing damage to hair follicles. Untreated Lupus may lead to permanent hair loss. DLE can affect anyone; however it is common in young adult females. It is common among Hispanics and Africans. A smaller percentage, develop a more serious condition known as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). SLE affects internal organs with complications that can lead to death. About half the individuals with SLE experience hair loss due to Lupus. The renowned celebrity, Michael Jackson is reported to have SLE, and the scars on singer Seal's face are allegedly due to Lupus.

Diagnosis is primarily by the skin condition seen in about 40% of Lupus cases; however, in the absence of the classical butterfly rash, diagnosis is difficult. The other symptoms that Lupus presents with are generalized such as fever, malaise, joint or muscle ache and fatigue. Temporary cognitive loss is also not uncommon. Hair loss is yet another common condition in Lupus. Diffuse Lupus Hair Loss is sometimes temporary and can reoccur with time; however in more severe conditions hair loss due to Lupus is permanent. Diffuse hair loss is as a result of the generalized immune response throughout the body. The permanent hair loss is as a result of scarring. It is associated with heavy infiltration of immune cells in the skin. A skin biopsy is the diagnostic test for Lupus. Skin biopsy is removal of a skin sample from the affected area under anesthesia. A histopathologist interprets the reaction in the skin to confirm the presence of Lupus. Serological tests such as Anti-Nuclear Antibodies (ANA) are also used to diagnose this condition.